10. 火災防護（Fire Protection）

A) 緊急事故準備狀態 Emergency Preparedness

10.1 作業場地須有一套合適的緊急事故準備狀態規劃書：The site should have an adequate written emergency preparedness plan.

10.2 全體人員都須按照防火和緊急事故準備狀態規劃接受培訓：Personnel should be trained on fire prevention and emergency preparedness plans.

10.3 工廠應指派一名作業場地統籌員負責處理有關防火程序和緊急事故準備狀態規劃的事務：A site coordinator should have been designated to administer the fire prevention procedures and emergency preparedness plans.

 

B) 出口與疏散（Exit and Evacuation）

10.4 作業場地應設置了緊急事故警報系統，萬一事故時用以通知全體人員撤離作業場地：The site should have an emergency alarm system for notifying personnel to evacuate the site.

10.5 受核工廠應在作業場地的適當地方設置緊急事故電力照明，并且定期查視這些照明設置：Emergency powered lighting should be installed, in appropriate locations and inspected periodically.

10.6 走道和緊急出口門都應有清晰的標示、有照明、出入便捷、內外無阻：Aisles and emergency exit doors should be clearly marked, illuminated, accessible, and kept clear of obstructions, internally and externally.

10.7 工作區內須張貼疏散路線圖，而路線圖上附有清楚的說明，指導如何向外疏散：Evacuation route should be posted in the work areas with clear directions on how to exit.

10.8 每個雇員最少可以使用兩個開在遠處的緊急出口：Each employee should have access to not less than two remotely located emergency exits.

10.9 門、走廊和那些有可能被誤作緊急出口的門、通道都須適當地標示著“此非出口”：Door, passageways, or those that could be mistaken for emergency exits should be appropriately marked “NOT AN EXIT”.

10.10 緊急出口門均不能上鎖，可以順著疏散方向向前推開，無需運用任何特別開門知識：Emergency exit doors should be open freely (unlocked) in the direction of travel, and without any special knowledge to open.

10.11 作業場地每年都應做一次緊急疏散演習：The site should conduct annual emergency evacuation drills.

 

C) 內務管理（Housekeeping）

10.12 垃圾廢料須儲存在非易燃的容器內，并經常清理：Trash should be stored in non-combustible containers and emptied on a regular basis.

10.13 易燃的廢屑、碎料和廢棄物料（例如油抹布）須存放在有蓋的金屬容器里，并即時搬離工作場地：Combustible scraps, debris and waste materials (e.g。oily rags) should be stored in covered metal containers and removed from the work site promptly.

10.14 受核工廠無論什么時候都應該沒有過量的易燃物料：The areas should be free of excessive combustible materials.

10.15 地面應經常保持清潔，沒有散布溢出物和物料：Floors should be kept clean from spills and materials.

10.16 容器上應有標貼標示所載何物，并存放妥善：Containers should be labeled with their contents and properly stored.

10.17 存在危險因素的地方和其它地方都因應實際需要適當地張貼了表示“不準吸煙”的標志：Hazardous and other areas should be posted with “No Smoking” signs appropriately.

10.18 諸如便攜式加熱器、馬達、烘爐等等生熱設備均應易燃物料（包括粉塵、脂膏、油和纖維）保持適當距離：Heat producing equipment such as portable heaters, motors, ovens, etc。should be kept clear of combustible materials (including dust, grease, oil, and fibers).

10.19 物料無論在建筑物內或建筑物外均須儲存妥當：Materials should be stored inside and outside of the building properly.

 

D) 電氣（Electrical）

10.20 電氣設備和布線均須有妥善的保養、覆蓋/絕緣，以防電線外露：Electrical equipment and wiring should be maintained, covered/insulated to prevent exposure of wires properly.

10.21 接駁到電氣裝置、插頭、斷路器和其它設備上的電線均應接駁妥當：Wire should be attached to fixture, plugs, circuit breakers, and other equipment properly.

10.22 接線盒、電源插座、配電盤等裝置須設有封蓋，而且沒有受到阻礙：Electrical covers should be in place for junction boxes, outlets, panel boards and they are free from obstruction.

10.23 作業場地應設有避雷系統：The site should have a lightning protection system.

 

E) 特別的危險因素（Special Hazards）

10.24 可燃物料須妥善存放在安全柜子和/或通風良好、電氣系統有適當防護的可燃物品儲存室里：Flammable materials should be properly stored in safe cabinets and/or properly ventilated flammable storage rooms with appropriately protected electrical systems.

10.25 使用中的可燃性液體須用安全的分裝容器妥善儲存：Flammable liquids in use should be properly stored in safety dispensing containers.

10.26 工廠應建立一套為作業場地使用火焰或產生火花的作業（例如熔接、研磨、切割、硬焊、軟焊）的熱工作程序：The site should have a hot-work procedure established for operations using flames or producing sparks (welding/grinding/cutting/brazing/soldering).

10.27 氣瓶的標示、使用、查驗、儲存、保安等等均須妥善得當：Gas cylinders should be properly marked, used, inspected, stored and secured.

10.28 須為可燃塵屑粉末（木屑、面粉、淀粉等等）作業維持專用區，并保持這些專用區清潔：Combustible dust operation areas should be maintained and clean (wood/flour/starch).

10.29 須為溶液噴涂或產生粉塵的作業維持專用區，并保持這些專用區清潔，通風良好，所有建構物料都是不可燃的，同火焰、火花、操作中的電動馬達和其它火源保持距離起碼6米（20呎）：Solvent spray painting or dust-producing operation areas should be maintained, clean and constructed of non-combustible materials with adequate ventilation and/or at least 20 feet (6 meter) from flames, sparks, operating electric motors, and other ignition sources.

10.30 進行噴涂作業時，應有良好的通風，以防易燃蒸汽積聚：Adequate ventilation should be present to prevent accumulation of flammable vapors during spraying operations.

10.31 全體人員在易燃性和可燃性物料的裝卸、儲運和使用等各方面均應受過妥善的培訓：Personnel should be properly trained in the handing and use of flammable and combustible materials.

 

F) 消防警報器與滅火器（Alarms and Extinguishers）

10.32 消防警報系統應有清楚的標示，取用方便，而且保持操作正常：Fire alarms should be clearly marked, accessible, and maintained operational.

10.33 可供使用的合適滅火器數量應足夠，有清楚的標示，而且取用方便：Adequate fire extinguishers should be clearly marked, available and accessible.

10.34 滅火器應裝滿滅火劑，而且每月有人執行外觀檢查：Fire extinguishers should be fully charged and visually inspected monthly.

10.35 負責回應緊急事故的人員都應受過正確使用滅火器的訓練：Emergency response personnel should be trained on proper operation of fire extinguishers.

10.36 發生火災后，必須調查火災的根由，并進行有關的檢討，以防火災再度發生：Fire should be investigated to determine root cause and examined to prevent a reoccurrence.

10.37 其它滅火設備均須有例常檢查和保養：Other fire fighting equipment should be routinely inspected and maintained.